For years, Apple has supported Child Accounts, which are Apple Accounts that must be associated with a parent or guardian account in a Family Sharing group.
Parents will now have the ability to share their child’s age range with the apps they use while protecting their child’s privacy. Through this new feature, parents can allow their kids to share the age range associated with the Child Account with app developers in a way that does not reveal the child’s birth date and keeps them in control of their data.
Now, kids ages 13 to 17 will have similar age-appropriate protections enabled from the beginning, regardless of whether their account was set up as a Child Account or a standard Apple Account. These additional protections include web content filters and Communication Safety, and make use of the newly introduced more granular age ratings on the App Store.
With this update, children must send requests to their parents when they want to communicate with new phone numbers. […] When developers adopt this new PermissionKit framework, kids can also send requests to their parents to chat, follow, or friend users in third-party apps.